The city's regeneration is one of the strategies that lead to urban deterioration and inefficient textures towards revitalization. Using systems thinking on the subject of reinvention can lead to the identification of complex systems that are considered effective in producing and reproducing worn-out textures. In this regard, this study was to benefit from a systemic approach in identifying the the roots of the Production and reProduction of historical/worn-out textures in Semnan city. The leading research is among the applied research, and in terms of information and data analysis, it uses the descriptive-analytical method. The tool for collecting information is also in documents and surveys. The statistical population of the research was 18 university professors, experts, and officials familiar with the urban fabric of Semnan, who were selected by the snowball method. In the end, using experts' opinions, 24 variables were selected as effective drivers of Semnan's Production-reProduction system of worn tissue. MicMac software was used for structural-interpretive analysis of variables. The results show that the rules and regulations governing the regeneration of the studied area are the most important and effective factors. Also, the special ownership conditions governing barren, ruined, and ruined lands have caused the private sector to have no incentive to invest in this area and reproduce the existing conditions. With the continuation of the current process, the existing situation is reproduced. Breaking this round of the reProduction process requires a constructive look at the target neighborhoods from the city administration and government agencies, which can provide the basis for the presence of private sector investors in these neighborhoods

Identifying the constraining factors of Production and yield gap is very important. Therefore; this research was performed to identify the Production constraining factors of local rice cultivars. All management practices from nursery preparation to harvesting stages for 100 paddy fields of local rice cultivars were recorded through field studies, in Sari, from 2015-2016. In the CPA, the actual and calculated potential yield were 4495 and 5703 kg/ha, respectively and the gap was 1221 kg/ha. The yield gap caused by number of top-dressing variables was 324 kg/ha, equal to 27% of the total yield gap. The yield gap related to previous year of legumes cultivation was 218 kg ha-1, equal to 18% of the total yield variation. Among the 10 variables entered in the CPA model, the effects of top-dress fertilizer application and its application frequency and foliar application were remarkable, which could compensate a significant part of the yield gap (444 kg/ha, 37% of total) in the farmers’ fields by managing these variables. According to boundary line analysis (BLA) finding, actual yield mean on the basis of optimal limit related to 12 variables under study was 5369 kg/ha, with 881 kg/ha yield gap . Mean relative yield and relative yield gap for 12 variables (transplanting date, seedling age, number of seedlings per hill, planting density, nitrogen and phosphorous per hectare, nitrogen before transplanting, harvesting date, lodging problem, pest problem, diseases problem and weeds problem) were 83.64 and 16.35 kg/ha, respectively. Based on the finding, it can be stated that the model precision is appropriate and can be applied for both estimation of the quantity of yield gap and determining the portion of each restricting yield variables.

1این مطالعه مؤلفه های انگیزشی را در سیستم های رتبه بندی معلمان و تأثیر آن ها بر انگیزۀ رشد حرفه ای بررسی می کند. با استفاده از یک رویکرد مرور سیستماتیک، متون مربوط به سیستم های رتبه بندی معلمان، انگیزش و ادبیات توسعه حرفه ای را بررسی می کند. با بررسی متون مختلف و یافته های پژوهشی در مورد انگیزش معلم، عوامل مؤثر بر رتبه بندی معلمان بر اساس شایستگی های عمومی، تخصصی و حرفه ای و همچنین تجربه شناسایی می شوند. این مطالعه با ترسیم موازی با نظریۀ انگیزشی هرزبرگ، توصیه هایی را برای تقویت انگیزه معلم و رضایت شغلی از طریق بهبود در سیستم رتبه بندی ارائه می دهد.

The lack of Quranic approaches in the Production of Quran-based humanities is still felt, despite the predominance of the philosophical approach in critical approaches to modern humanities, which has become very common in the Islamic world and in Iran for several decades. It seems that the capacity of the method of thematic exegesis (al-Tafsīr al-mawdū'ī, Arabic: التفسیر الموضوعیّ) in this regard, can be used to bring the Holy Quran into the field of humanities. Thematic exegesis, according to whether its subject is inside or outside the Qur'an, has several functions in criticizing the structure of modern knowledge and scientific research, as well as the Production of Islamic humanities. It is possible to make use of thematic exegesis of the inside of the Holy Book of Quran in order to “fundamental criticism” of the general fundamentals of humanities -the fundamentals of epistemology, axiology, ontology and anthropology- and it is also possible to use thematic exegesis for constructing and producing foundation of humanities obtained from the Holy Quran. It is used by thematic interpretation exegesis of the outside of the Holy Book of Quran -such as Shahīd (martyr) Sadr’s interrogational approach- to answer the problems of humanities and this process faces challenges such as the complexity and multiplicity of the “subject” of the humanities that exist in modern terminology of this field. It can be used in order to solve this issue in some cases to know the process of the change of the components of the modern of the conceptual history’s approach and also by analyzing the issue into several components can be shown that the components are not necessarily a product of the modern era and can be followed up in the Holy Quran and can be found up in the Holy Quran. The perspective of the Holy Quran, after that, regarding the modern subject in the desired field by the “combining” of the results obtained based on the thematic interpretation.

از ارزشمندترین آثار در دوره صفوی تولید منسوجات هنری است که همانند دیگر هنرها تحت تأثیر عوامل بسیاری، چون سیاست ‍های حاکمان در این دوره تاریخی است. نوآوری و توسعه در تولید منسوجات از بارزترین خصوصیات اصلی صفویان است که باید سیر تولید و شکوفایی آن در جامعه و هنر ایران بررسی شود. تحقیق حاضر در پی دستیابی به نظام صنفی طراحان و بافندگان در تولید منسوجات مطرح دوره صفوی است. این پژوهش به دنبال پاسخگویی به این سؤال است که نظام تولید منسوجات صفوی از چه عواملی تشکیل می شده است؟ این تحقیق به صورت کیفی (توصیفی-تحلیلی) صورت گرفته است. چارچوب نظری تحقیق بر اساس رویکرد دنیاهای هنر هوارد بکر شکل گرفته است. یافته های پژوهش نشان می دهد شکل ‍بندی اجتماعی ایران دوره صفوی، بر ارائه خدمت (سیاسی، اجتماعی) استوار بوده و هنرمندان طراح و بافنده مطرح، در کارگاه هایی فعالیت می کردند که مستقیماً تحت حمایت درباریان بودند. ثبات اقتصادی و سیاسی، حمایت رجال درباری موجب گردید تا نظام تولید منسوجات، نسل نواندیشی از هنرمندان و طراحان پارچه را به جامعه معرفی نماید که به واسطه نظام های تشویقی و پاداش های مالی، تولیدکننده منسوجات مهم و مطرح مانند مخمل، زربفت و ترمه در این بازه زمانی باشند.